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Abstract

Migrations interafricaines de retour et pauvreté urbaine en République Démocratique du Congo : l’expérience des Congolais revenus d’Afrique du Sud à Lubumbashi

KAKEZ KAYEB Dieudonné

Volume: 16 Issue: 1 2026

Abstract:

This article analyses the links between inter-African return migration and urban poverty in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), based on the experience of Congolese nationals who returned from South Africa and resettled in Lubumbashi. It is based on a field survey conducted in 2025, based on four months of structured interviews with 80 return migrants (48 men and 32 women) who had stayed in South Africa for at least one year and returned to the DRC at least one year ago. The study is part of a scientific continuity approach, extending and updating our previous doctoral work based on 120 structured interviews (86 men and 34 women) conducted in Lubumbashi between February and May 2017 and publicly defended in November 2019. It thus offers a more focused analysis and empirical enrichment of the previous conclusions. The results show that, contrary to prevailing developmentalist discourse, return migration does not necessarily constitute a lever for poverty reduction. Poorly prepared, rarely supported by public policies and taking place in an urban context marked by structural precariousness, return migration often contributes to maintaining or even exacerbating socio-economic vulnerabilities. The article highlights the decisive role of migration profiles, the nature of return (voluntary or forced), the significance of the context of return, and the valorisation – or lack thereof – of the human, social and financial capital acquired during migration.

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