Abstract

COOLING LOAD CALCULATION AND DESIGN OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILE

B. Paul Vinofer, S.Rajakumar

Volume: 6 Issue: 1 2016

Abstract:

Air conditioning system is necessary in automobile to maintain the comfort condition. Therefore it is important to study transient response of vehicle under real driving conditions. The Heat Balance Method (HBM) is used for estimating the heating and cooling loads which develops inside the vehicle cabin. The Load Calculation of Automobile Air Conditioning System is calculated and presented. An hourly cooling load is calculated in Tirunelveli region with respect to its latitude. Tons of refrigeration required is also found out from the cooling load calculation and a review on cooling load calculation is also presented. This study gives overall cooling load and AC power consumption which can be used by HVAC engineers to design more efficient car AC systems. Only by knowing the cooling load and source of thermal load, we can develop intelligent system to reduce AC consumption.

Back Download

References

• Welstand, J., Haskew, H., Gunst, R., and Bevilacqua, O., “Evaluation of the Effects of Air Conditioning Operation and Associated Environmental Conditions on Vehicle Emissions and Fuel Economy,” SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-2247, 2003, doi:10.4271/2003-01- 2247.
• Lambert, M. A., and Jones, B. J., “Automotive Adsorption Air Conditioner Powered by Exhaust Heat. Part 1: Conceptual and Embodiment Design,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 220(7):959-972, 2006, doi: 10.1243/09544070JAUTO221.
• Fayazbakhsh A. M., and Bahrami M., “Comprehensive Modeling of Vehicle Air Conditioning Loads Using Heat Balance Method”, Journal of SAE International, Simon Frazer University, 10.4271/2013-01-1507, 2013.
• ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamental, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning, Atlanta, GA, 1988.
• Kamar, H., Senawi, M., and Kamsah, N., “Computerized Simulation of Automotive AirConditioning System: Development of Mathematical Model and Its Validation,” IJCS Issues, 9(2):23-34, 2012.
• Pedersen, C. O., Fisher, D. E., and Liesen, R. J., “Development of a Heat Balance Procedure for Calculating Cooling Loads,” ASHRAE Transactions, 103(2):459-468, 1997.
• Zheng, Y., Mark, B., and Youmans, H., “A Simple Method to Calculate Vehicle Heat Load,” SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0127, 2011, doi:10.4271/2011-01-0127.
• ISO Standard, “Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment- Determination of Metabolic Heat Production,” ISO Standard 8996, Rev. 2004.
• Huajun Zhang, Lan Dai, Guoquan Xu, Yong Li, Wei Chen, Wen-Quan Tao.,” Studies of air-flow and temperature fields inside a passenger compartment for improving thermal comfort and saving energy. Part I: Test/numerical model and validation” Applied Thermal Engineering 29 (2009) 2022–2027.
• Ozgur Solmaz, Muammer Ozgoren, Muharrem Hilmi Aksoy.,” Hourly cooling load prediction of a vehicle in the southern region of Turkey by artificial neural network” Energy Conversion and Management 82 (2014) 177–187.
• OumSaad Abdulsalam, Budi Santoso, Dwi Aries., “Cooling Load Calculation and Thermal Modeling for Vehicle by MATLAB” IJIRSET Vol. 4, Issue 5, May 2015.
• Md Shahid Imam, Dr.M.Shameer Basha, Dr.Md.Azizuddin, Dr. K.Vijaya Kumar Reddy., “Design of Air Conditioning system in automobile” IJIRSET Vol. 2, Issue 12, December 2013.
• Patidar, A., 'Simulation and Validation of Passenger Compartment Soaking and Cooling under Solar Load,' SAE Technical Paper 2009-28-0050, 2009, doi:10.4271/2009-28-0050.
• Alexandrov, A., Kudriavtsev, V., and Reggio, M., “Analysis of Flow Patterns and Heat Transfer in Generic Passenger Car Mini-Environment,” Presented at 9th Annual Conference of the CFD Society of Canada, Canada, May 27-29, 2001.
• O. Kaynakli, E. Pulat, M. Kilic.,” Thermal comfort during heating and cooling periods in an automobile” Heat Mass Transfer (2005) 41: 449–458 DOI 10.1007/s00231-004-0558- 9.
• Wei, K. C., and Dage, G. A., “An Intelligent Automotive Climate Control System,” IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Intelligent Systems for the 21st Century, 4:2977-2982, 1995, doi: 10.1109/ICSMC. 1995.538237.
• Vijayakumar Nachimuthu, Prabhu Mani, Muthukumar. P., “CFD Analysis of Application of Phase Change Material in Automotive Climate Control Systems” IJIRSET Volume 3, Special Issue 2, April 2014.
• Khayyam, H., Kouzani, A. Z., and Hu, E. J., “Reducing Energy Consumption of Vehicle Air Conditioning System by an Energy Management System,” Presented in IEEE The 4th International Green Energy Conference, China, 2009
• Khayyam, H., Nahavandi, S., Hu, E., Kouzani, A., Chonka, A., Abawajy, J., Marano, V., and Davis, S., “Intelligent Energy Management Control of Vehicle Air Conditioning via Look-Ahead System,” Applied Thermal Engineering, 31(16):3147- 3160, 2011, doi: 10.1016/ j.applthermaleng.2011.05.023.
• Solar energy- Principles of thermal collection and storage by SP.Sukhatme and JK.Nayak.
• HANDBOOK ON ENERGY CONSCIOUS BUILDINGS Prepared under the interactive R & D project no. 3/4(03)/99-SEC between Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay and Solar Energy Centre, Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources J.K. Nayak J.A. Prajapati May.